Healthy kidneys clean the blood by removing waste products and excess fluid and minerals. They also produce hormones for keeping the blood healthy and keeping the bones strong. The National Kidney Foundation states that 26 million people in the U.S. have renal disease, which includes any condition that involves kidney damage and affects the kidneys' ability to work effectively. Fortunately, early treatment of renal disease can prevent further complications.
Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors or Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers
Worsening of high blood pressure may occur in people with forms of renal disease such as chronic kidney failure. MayoClinic.com notes that patients with renal disease may require angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors--also known as "ACE" inhibitors--or angiotensin II receptor blockers. The physician prescribes these medications to lower the blood pressure and preserve the kidney function. Drugs.com reports that the purpose of these medications is to keep the blood pressure at or below 130/80 mm Hg.
Statins
According to MayoClinic.com, renal disease can lead to high levels of LDL or bad cholesterol, which in turn increases the risk of heart disease. Physicians therefore prescribe statins to lower the level of the bad cholesterol in patients with renal disease.
Diuretics
MayoClinic.com indicates that diuretics may be required for renal disease. Renal disease can lead to retention of fluids, which can cause swelling in the arms and legs. Retention of fluids can also increase the blood pressure of the individual. Doctors therefore prescribe diuretics for such patients, so that the balance of fluids is maintained in the body.
Other Medications
Anemia is a possible complication of renal disease, for which the physician may prescribe supplements of the hormone erythropoietin. This helps in the production of red blood cells and relieves fatigue and weakness. Calcium and vitamin D supplements may be prescribed for preventing bone loss, which can be a problem for patients for renal disease. Finally, phosphate-binding medication increases the amount of the calcium available for the bones by lowering the phosphate levels.
