AIDS, or acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, is the most advanced stage of HIV, according to MedlinePlus, a publication of the National Institutes of Health. It mostly spreads by unprotected sex with an infected person, although contact with infected blood also occurs, especially in those sharing drug needles or during a pregnancy. There are physical symptoms that arise that may be indicative of HIV or AIDS. If anyone suspects these diseases, immediately seek medical attention for the necessary testing and treatment.
Enlarged Lymph Nodes
In the beginning stages of HIV, few symptoms can make a person aware of its presence without testing. Within a month of two after infection, however, enlarged lymph nodes in the neck and groin area appear, according to the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. As the virus infects the body, the immune system comes under attack. MayoClinic.com says that as the virus multiplies in the lymph nodes, the disease begins to destroy specialized T-cells, which are a key to the immune system. The swelling is a result of the body essentially turning on itself as the virus takes over. HIV may lay dormant for up to nine years or more but will eventually resurface. Swollen lymph nodes are not solely indicative of HIV or AIDS and appear commonly in several other illnesses such as the flu. However, if they are extremely painful and persist for an inordinate amount of time, contact a medical professional immediately.
Kaposi's Sarcoma
Kaposi's sarcoma is a form of cancer in which patches of abnormal growth proliferate under the skin, in the lining on the mouth, nose and throat or even in other organs, according to MedlinePlus. The patches are generally red or purple and are composed of cancer and blood cells. Traditionally, this cancer is slow to develop. However, in those with AIDS it quickly progresses and can appear all over the body within a short time period. Chemotherapy is the common treatment in those able to endure it, although regular AIDS medication and treatment often shrink the lesions.
Extreme Weight Loss
During the last phase of HIV, which occurs about 10 years after the initial infection, extreme weight loss can appear due to the immune system suppression. The immune system tries to respond to the onslaught of the viral infection but sends abnormal signs that react to the brain's hypothalamus, causing a loss of appetite and an improper intake of food, according to the Naked Scientist website. MayoClinic.com also says that extreme weight loss may also indicate secondary infections of those afflicted with AIDS or HIV. Nonetheless, AIDS or HIV is not the sole cause of rapid weight loss. Should concern arise, contact a doctor for a medical evaluation.
