Antihistamines are drugs that restrict the body from producing histamine. Histamine is the chemical in the body that's released when someone has an allergic reaction. Elevated histamine levels in the body cause common allergic reaction symptoms such as hives, itchy throat, watery eyes and nasal congestion, according to the MayoClinic.com. According to FamilyDoctor.org, antihistamines are separated into two categories: first and second generation. Both types of antihistamines are considered effective at prohibiting histamine. All drugs should be taken while under a doctor's care.
Allergy Relief
The most common benefit of using antihistamines is allergy relief, according to the American Academy of Otolaryngology. Antihistamines provide relief of a runny nose, sneezing and irritated eyes by inhibiting histamine. Antihistamines are used in oral and nasal spray forms to treat seasonal and household allergies such as mold, pollen and pet dander.
Cold Relief
Many OTC medications contain antihistamines because of their ability to reduce mucus and fluid build-up, according to the American Academy of Otolaryngology. Cold medications commonly combined an antihistamine with a decongestant, cough suppressant or pain reliever to treat the symptoms of the common cold. Antihistamines ability to reduce fluid in the head helps to prevent the development of sinus and ear infections. When a person develops a cold, it is common for excessive mucus to get trapped in the ears or the sinus cavity. The trapped fluid can lead to an infection. Antihistamines help to prevent infections from developing.
Topical Skin Relief
Topical antihistamines are used to relieve skin irritation and itchiness, according to Drugs.com. Topical antihistamines are used to treat bug bites, hives and other conditions that produce inflammation of the skin. It helps to relieve the itching sensation and inflammation of the skin. Topical antihistamines come in a cream form and are applied directly to the area of irritation.
Sleep Aid
The MayoClinic.com states that antihistamines can be used as a sleeping aid. First-generation antihistamines are known for causing severe drowsiness, according to FamilyDoctor.org. First-generation antihistamines suppress the central nervous system, causing marked drowsiness. Antihistamines can help a person fall asleep for a few days, but the effect may wear off with continual treatment. Someone who is having difficulty sleeping should talk with her doctor. Using antihistamines to fall asleep may be sign of another condition. Do not take any medication without a doctor's supervision.
