MS, or multiple sclerosis, is an autoimmune disease that affects the brain and spinal cord. An autoimmune disease is a condition in which the body's immune system attacks its own tissue instead of bacteria or viruses. In MS, the immune system specifically attacks myelin, or the protective covering of the spinal cord. According to MedlinePlus, of the National Institutes of Health, MS is more common in women between the ages of 20 and 40. A patient with MS should understand symptoms of this condition.
Sensory Problems
According to MayoClinic.com, MS commonly causes numbness, tingling and burning sensations in one or more limbs. This occurs because the body's immune system attacks the myelin on sensory nerves, which causes signals of numbness, tingling and burning sensations to be processed in the brain. Sensory problems vary depending on the location of affected nerve fibers. Furthermore, symptoms can wax and wane and last for varying periods of time. MedlinePlus states that sudden changes in temperature, such as fever, hot baths, sun exposure and stress, can trigger or worsen attacks. Treatments for sensory problems typically include medications that reduce the response of the immune system.
Muscle Problems
MS commonly causes muscle problems in patients. Specifically, the body's immune system attacks the myelin on nerves that sends signals for muscles to contract and relax. If signals are disrupted, a patient will commonly experience loss of balance, muscle spasms, problems with moving the arms or legs, problems walking, problems with coordination, tremor, and weakness, states MedlinePlus. Physical therapy and medications are common treatments for muscle problems associated with MS. Furthermore, a patient with MS should complete regular recommended daily exercise to maintain strength and coordination of muscles. Any progression in muscle weakness should be reported to the doctor.
Eye Problems
Patient with MS may develop eye problems along the course of the disease. MS can cause double vision, eye discomfort, uncontrollable rapid eye movements and vision loss, according to MedlinePlus. This occurs because the immune system can also attack nerves that are related to vision and eye movements. Patients with MS should immediately report any visual changes to their doctor or ophthalmologist.
