Fungi are defined by Medline Plus as primitive vegetables that can live in the air, soil, plants, water and the human body. Fungi usually reproduce by sending miniscule spores through the air. The spores can be inhaled or land on the skin. Because of this, fungal infections often begin in the skin. The most common group of fungi that cause communicable disease is called dermatophytes. Different types of dermatophytes cause different fungal diseases.
Tinea Capitis
Tinea capitis, also referred to as ringworm of the scalp, is a fungal scalp infection that usually affects children, according to Medline Plus. Tinea capitis is more likely to develop in those who have minor scalp injuries, poor hygiene or a wet scalp, such as in those who sweat excessively, because dermatophytes thrive in warm, damp areas. Symptoms of tinea capitis include bald areas, itching, pus-filled sores on the scalp, small black dots and scaly areas. Tinea capitis is most often spread through direct contact, but can also be spread through contaminated items, such as brushes or hats. Animals can also spread the fungi that cause tinea capitis. Treatment for tinea capitis includes the use of oral antibiotics combined with medicated shampoo.
Tinea Pedis
Tinea pedis, also referred to as athlete's foot, is a fungal foot infection that affects those with constantly sweaty, damp feet. The fungi that causes tinea pedis thrives around pools, public showers and locker rooms and is usually transmitted to those who walk barefoot around these areas, according to Kids' Health. Tinea pedis can be spread through direct skin contact with an infected person or by walking barefoot in the same areas as in infected person. Symptoms of tinea pedis include an itchy rash, bumps, cracked areas, redness and scaling and odor. Although symptoms are usually seen on the foot and between the toes, the fungal infection can occasionally spread to the toes. Treatment for tinea pedis includes anti-fungal creams or powders that are applied directly to the infected area.
Tinea Cruris
Tinea cruris, also referred to as jock itch, is a fungal infection that affects the genitals, buttocks and inner thighs. Tinea cruris occurs when the groin area stays moist for an extended period of time, such as when an athlete sweats during a sporting event. The infection is also common in those who are overweight, according to MayoClinic.com. Tinea cruris may be spread through the sharing of towels or direct skin contact, such as during sexual intercourse. Symptoms of tinea cruris include itching, redness, burning sensation and flaking, peeling skin. Tinea cruris is often treated with an over-the-counter antifungal cream. If this does not work, a doctor may prescribe an oral medication that can clear up the infection.
