What Is the Etiology of Depression?

Genetic

While there is no definitive cause of depression, according to the Mayo Clinic there is some evidence that one etiology of depression is inherited, as depression is more common in those with biological family members who also suffer from some form of depression. Genetic studies such as a worldwide chromosomal study are in progress to further the research possibilities of genes as a cause of depression.

Biochemical

Neurotransmitters in the brain are naturally occurring chemicals. Evidence from high-tech brain imaging shows that persons with depression have physical changes in neurotransmitters, although this may be due to depression symptoms such as lack of sleep or weight loss. While not believed to be a primary cause, depleted levels of monoamine have been found to be common in those diagnosed as chronically depressed. In addition, hormonal imbalances are also thought to be a cause of depression and are currently being researched. Certain medications can also cause depression and should be monitored accordingly.

Environment

Environment is believed to be a possible cause of depression, as high stress situations such as loss of job, death of a loved one or financial difficulties have been shown to trigger bouts of depression. According to the US Surgeon General, other factors that have an impact on developing depression include having been neglected as a child, sexual and physical abuse either as a child or in adulthood and other types of maltreatment that affects the development of adult emotional health. Likewise, some major illnesses such as cancer and heart disease can cause clinical depression in the patient.