Potassium plays an important role in the growth and functioning of muscles and nerves and is found throughout the blood. Normal blood levels of potassium range from 3.5 to 5 milliequivalents per liter. Lower levels of potassium, which can develop from malnutrition, dehydration or the overuse of diuretic medications, can be dangerous to the health. Treatment for low potassium can include taking dietary supplements or receiving intravenous delivery of the electrolyte.
Heart Abnormalities
Low potassium levels can adversely affect the heart's function. In response to the drop in electrolyte levels, the heart may begin to beat in an irregular rhythm. People who already have heart disease are at a higher risk for arrhythmia if their potassium levels drop and may sometimes even go into cardiac arrest. The uneven heart beats may also contribute to feelings of fatigue, which can be another sign of low potassium levels in some people.
Muscle Involvement
Muscle development is one of the key jobs of potassium, and thus, a lack of the nutrient can cause abnormalities in muscle growth. People who do not have adequate potassium levels may feel muscle weakness or cramping; diagnostic testing may show that muscle fibers have started breaking down. This condition is called rhabdomyolysis. Paralysis may occur in severe cases of low potassium and may be life-threatening if the lungs become paralyzed,
Frequent Urination
People who do not get enough potassium may find that they urinate more frequently than normal. They may also show signs of dehydration, including excessive thirst. Taking diuretic medications can lead to a drop in potassium in some people while also increasing the amount of urine expelled daily.
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