Cholesterol granulomas are sacs, lesions or cysts filled with fluid, fat and cholesterol. While more research is still needed to understand the exact cause, it may be that these growths form when the immune system initiates an anti-inflammatory response to cholesterol circulating in the blood. This can cause the cholesterol to crystallize. While this can happen in any area of the body, it is especially problematic if it occurs near the ears. In some cases, this condition can exist without ever causing symptoms. In other cases there are serious symptoms of cholesterol granulomas that require medical treatment.
Hearing Loss
If cholesterol granulomas form near the ear, they can cause hearing loss. As the body initiates an inflammatory response, additional blood enters the skull near the ears. In response, the blood vessels that supply the ear may eventually rupture. If there is internal bleeding that occurs over a period of time, it may make the cysts larger. This process can cause partial or total hearing loss, according to the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center. In severe cases, hearing loss can become permanent. Surgery to remove the cyst or mass may be required.
Tinnitus and Vertigo
Cholesterol granulomas tend to grow slowly and may not cause symptoms until the cysts are large, according to the Radiological Society of North America. The first symptom is commonly tinnitus, which is a ringing sound in the ears. This symptom can occur periodically or constantly, to the point that it interferes with everyday life. Along with tinnitus, vertigo may be another warning sign. Vertigo produces sensations that the body and/or environment is moving or spinning. This differs from dizziness or lightheadedness, in which there is no sensation of movement. Severe cases of vertigo can cause nausea and vomiting and inhibit the ability to walk and stand. In some cases, symptoms can be resolved by draining the fluid.
Headaches and Facial Muscle Weakness
If the cholesterol granulomas press on nearby nerves, symptoms such as headaches, facial pain, facial muscle weakness and numbness and even paralysis of the facial muscles can occur. A physician can run tests and perform scans of the affected area to determine which treatment approach is best. If caught and treated early, the symptoms may be completely resolved.
