Medications usually work effectively to reduce or prevent acid reflux. Symptoms of acid reflux include heartburn that causes a burning sensation in the chest and throat or a bitter taste in the back of the mouth. Acid reflux results from an esophageal valve that does not close tightly enough to prevent stomach acid from backing up. The kind of medication prescribed depends on an individual's condition. Some people need stronger medication to control symptoms.
Proton Pump Inhibitors
Proton pump inhibitors, among the strongest acid reflux medications, block acid production in the stomach and help heal the esophagus, which can become damaged from frequent acid reflux. The Consumer Reports website states that the medications available work well for most people. Based on effectiveness, safety and cost, it recommends omeprazole in generic form or under brand names and lansoprazole, both available over the counter. Prescription strength proton pump inhibitors include lansoprazole, omeprazole, esomeprazole, rabeprazole and pantoprazole. Buying over-the-counter proton pump inhibitors can save people about $200 or more a month.
Prokinetics
Strong prescription medications also include prokinetic agents that strengthen the esophageal valve, also called the lower esophageal sphincter, and help empty the stomach more rapidly to prevent acid buildup. Drugs include bethanechol and metoclopramide, which also helps improve muscle function in the digestive tract, according to the National Digestive Diseases Information Clearinghouse. Although prokinetics can provide relief to people with severe acid reflux problems, the drugs have side effects that include fatigue, drowsiness, depression, anxiety and difficulty with coordination.
H2 Blockers
People do not necessarily need the strongest medications and can find relief through H2 blockers, which help reduce acid production to prevent frequent bouts of acid reflux and heartburn. The medications do not work like over-the-counter antacids for quick relief, but last longer to avoid acid reflux symptoms. The different medicines work effectively and may depend on a person's preference. Cimetidine, ranitidine, famotidine and nizatidine are available over the counter and in stronger prescription form, according to the Mayo Clinic.
Antacids
Many people choose antacids as the first line of defense when experiencing acid reflux. These over-the-counter medications, available in tablet, dissolving tablet or liquid form, offer fast relieve from heartburn episodes. Manufacturers usually combine a mixture of magnesium, aluminum and calcium salts to help neutralize stomach acid. The medicines work equally well for people with infrequent heartburn and which to use depends on a person's preference. If acid reflux remains a persistent problem it is time for a person to try stronger medications or see a doctor.
