Because of its widespread availability, valerian root has been used to treat a broad array of medical conditions across the world, including in Asia, Europe and North America. Its effectiveness for several of its uses is debatable, but some studies have demonstrated a positive effect on certain conditions. And although it is generally considered safe when used as directed, side effects are possible. Never use valerian root supplements without first discussing it with a trusted medical professional.
Inducing Sleep
Valerian root is commonly used as a sleep aid for people with insomnia, but study results have been mixed about whether it is effective in this regard. One study found that is was only as effective as a placebo for the first 28 days of use, but after that it did significantly improved a person's sleep, according to the University of Maryland. Always consult with a qualified health practitioner before using valerian root as a sleep aid.
Sedative
Based on its purported effects in inducing sleep, valerian root also may be effective as a sedative, according to MedlinePlus, a publication of the National Institutes of Health. However, the dose at which the herb would need to be taken to be useful as a sedative may be over the recommendations for safe use of the herb. Never use valerian root as a sedative without first discussing it with a medical professional who can advise you on its safe use. Also, because of possible sedative effects, valerian root should not be used by people operating heavy machinery or engaged in tasks requiring focus and concentration.
Treating Depression and Anxiety
Valerian root is also sometimes promoted for use in treating mental illnesses such as depression and anxiety. This is because chemicals in the plant appear to increase the concentration of a brain chemical called Gamma-aminobutyric acid, or GABA, according to Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center. Studies, though, have not demonstrated a substantial effect in people with these conditions, the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine reports. Because mental illness is serious and can affect many aspects of your life, it should not be self-treated with valerian root.
Liver Toxicity
In rare cases, people using valerian supplements have developed liver toxicity, causing damage to the organ, according to Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center. Because of this risk, people with liver disease should not use valerian root supplements. Even if you do not have liver disease, discuss your use of the herb with a knowledgeable medical professional who can advise you of all the potential risks.
Gastrointestinal Distress
Some people taking supplements containing valerian root may also develop mild gastrointestinal distress such as an upset stomach or abdominal pain, according to MedlinePlus. These effects are generally mild, however. Before taking valerian supplements, discuss it with a health practitioner who can advise you of all potential risks.
Neurological Impairment
Other possible side effects of valerian root include neurological impairment. For example, some people may feel dizzy or as though they are not steady on their feet, according to MedlinePlus. Uneasiness and excitability have also been reported. It may also seem more difficult to focus or concentrate in the hours after taking a supplement containing valerian. Before using valerian root medicinally, discuss it with a medical professional who can advise you on how to use it safely.
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