Fungi are primitive vegetables that exist in the air, in the soil, on plants and in the water, according to MedlinePlus. Although many fungi live regularly on and within the body, only about half of them are detrimental to humans. Fungi are especially difficult to kill, so when a fungal infection occurs it requires immediate attention to inhibit proliferation. There are several fungi types that can infect the body, some of which are more prevalent than others.
Tinea
Tinea is the most common fungus that infects the human body in the form of ringworm, athlete's foot and jock itch. Tinea easily thrives in wet, damp areas such as locker room floors, showers and pools. Once contracted, scaly raised red patches appear in a distinct shape on all areas of the skin for instances of ringworm. For jock itch, these patches develop in the groin area and buttocks. For individuals afflicted with athlete's foot, flaking, peeling and itchy skin occurs between the toes. However, in all instances blistering, crusting and cellular fluids are present. Tinea can easily spread to the nails where discoloration, thickness and crumbling can occur. Common treatments are topical antifungal creams although severe cases may necessitate oral medication.
Candida
Candida, or yeast, is a fungus that lives practically everywhere including the body, MedlinePlus says. A healthy immune system usually keeps the amount of candida in check, however, after a regimen of antiobiotics or after an illness when the immune system is not optimal, a yeast infection can erupt in several regions of the body. Thrush, for example, occurs in the mouth where white patches appear on the tongue and inner lining of the cheeks. Should the thrush spread to the esophagus, seek immediate medical attention, as breathing can become a problem. Alternately, women can experience yeast infections in the vaginal region, which causes discomfort, itching and a thick discharge. Yeast infections are less common on the skin but can still occur primarily in the folds on skins causing redness and itchiness. Antifungal treatments specific for the region are necessary. Many are available over-the-counter.
Blastomyces dermatitidis
Blastomyces dermatitidis is common in the south-central, south-eastern and mid-western United States, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. This fungus lives in the soil of wooded areas and infects primarily gardeners, farmers, campers and hunters. If infected soil is disturbed, tiny spores from the fungus circulate in the air and is inhaled by people. In 50 percent of cases, the infection appears as flu-like with fever, chills, productive cough and chest pain. In some cases, patients fail to recover, which can cause a chronic pulmonary infection or widespread disease of the skin, bones and urinary tract. Symptoms generally emerge between three to 15 weeks after exposure and require the attention of a medical professional for antifungal drugs. Individuals with suppressed immune systems should avoid wooded areas in endemic regions.
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