NuvaRing is a contraceptive medication composed of ethinyl estradiol and etonogestrel. It is a ring that is inserted into the vagina for three weeks and removed for one week to allow for menstrual bleeding. A new ring is inserted seven days after the last one was removed. NuvaRing prevents pregnancy by preventing ovulation and altering the mucus lining of the cervix, making it difficult for sperm to penetrate. The medication may produce several side effects; the patient can discuss any concerns with a physician.
Headache
A headache is a common side effect that may occur with the vaginal ring. Headaches usually occur at the start of therapy and may be seen in up to 14 percent of patients, according to the "Drug Information Handbook." Headaches that do not diminish with time or that worsen should be reported to a physician. Headaches are common in women during reproductive years, but women who experience migraine headaches may need further medical treatment.
Weight Gain
Patients may notice a change in weight while using NuvaRing; about 10 percent of individuals may gain weight. The patient should eat a balanced diet and exercise regularly to avoid gaining weight. Collaborating with a physician may help the patient to form a healthy diet and manage her weight. If the patient is concerned about weight gain, she may opt for a different form of contraception.
Foreign-body Sensation
Foreign-body sensation, which is a feeling of something in the body, is another side effect of NuvaRing. According to "Pharmacotherapy: A Pathophysiologic Approach," this side effect is the most common reason for discontinuing the medication. The patient may switch to another form of contraception if this side effect becomes bothersome.
Vaginal Side Effects
Women using NuvaRing may experience vaginal side effects. About 10 percent of patients may experience leukorrhea, which is the secretion of a white, thick vaginal discharge. The medication may also produce vaginitis in up to 14 percent of patients, as well. Vaginitis is inflammation or infection of the vagina characterized by change in odor, irritation, itchiness, painful intercourse and painful urination. The patient should seek medical care if she experiences these symptoms. The physician may prescribe antibiotics or antifungal medications to treat vaginitis. Patients who have unexplained vaginal bleeding should not use the drug until a physician reaches a proper diagnosis, states NuvaRing.com.
Nausea
Nausea may occur in about 14 percent of women on NuvaRing, reports the "Drug Information Handbook." This is due to the ethinyl estradiol found in the medication. If the patient continues to experience nausea after three months of therapy, she may benefit from a switch to a different contraceptive.
References
- "Drug Information Handbook"; Charles F. Lacy, Lora L. Armstrong, et al.; 2009
- "Pharmacotherapy: A Pathophysiologic Approach"; Joseph T. Dipiro, Robert L. Talbert, et al.; 2008
- NuvaRing.com: Who Should Not Use NuvaRing?
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