Cystitis is a bacterial infection of the lower urinary tract and mainly affects women although it can occur in men. According to Bupa, one in three women will have at least one episode of cystitis before she is 24 years old. Cystitis is a potentially painful or uncomfortable condition, but it usually resolves itself within four to nine days. In some cases, a doctor may prescribe antibiotics to help clear the infection. These will usually need to be taken for three to six days. Typically, a doctor will prescribe one of four types of antibiotic. (See Reference 1)
Trimethoprim
Trimethoprim is available is indicated for initial episodes of uncomplicated urinary tract infections and comes as 100 mg tablets. According to Rx List, a typical adult does of trimethoprim is 100 mg every 12 hours to be taken for 10 days. Alternatively, two 100 mg tablets can be taken every 24 hours for 10 days. The most common adverse effects associated with trimethoprim use are rash and pruritus. (See Reference 2)
Nitrofurantoin
Nitrofurantoin, also known by its brand name of Macrobid, may also be used as a cystitis treatment. According to Rx List, nitrofurantoin is only indicated for acute cystitis caused by Escherichia coli or Staphylococcus saprophyticus. Nitrofurantoin comes as hard-shell capsules that should be taken with food. The most common adverse effects associated with nitrofurantoin use are nausea, headache and flatulence. (See Reference 3)
Cephalexin
Cephalexin, also known by the brand name of Keflex, is indicated for conditions caused by bacterial infections. In addition to urinary tract infections, cephalexin is also used for respiratory tract infections, otitis media and skin infections. A doctor should avise on the correct dose and dosing schedule for cystitis treatment. According to Rx List, the most frequent side effect of cephalexin is diarrhea. (See Reference 4)
Amoxicillin
Amoxicillin, also known by the brand name Amoxil, is used to treat bacterial infections and comes as capsules, tablets and as a powder for oral suspension. In addition to urinary tract infections, it is used to treat a number of other types of infection, such as infections of the ear nose and throat and respiratory tract. The correct dosage and administration will vary for different individuals and conditions, so a doctor should advise on how to take amoxicillin for cystitis. (See Reference 5)
