Benadryl (diphenhydramine) is an antihistamine that is used to treat allergies. The medication is also found in combination medicines sold over the counter, such as Tylenol PM. Sominex contains benadryl. A side effect of Benadryl is drowsiness, making it an appealing medication for sleep. For most individuals, Benadryl is considered a safe alternative to prescription medications for insomnia. Elderly people are more susceptible to side effects that might cause harm. Benadryl should be used with caution in the elderly.
Side Effects of Benadryl Worse for the Elderly
Benadryl can worsen glaucoma, a consideration for elderly individuals. Thick oral secretions are also a side effect, making the medication unsafe for the elderly with lung disease. It can also cause high blood pressure, a common ailment associated with aging. Benadryl can also cause low blood pressure, leading to dizziness when changing position, putting the elderly at risk for fall and increased incidence of fractures and disability. Elderly men with prostate gland enlargement can experience difficulty urinating. Serious Benadryl side effects of special concern to the elderly include rapid heart rate and loss of balance. Benadryl causes the mucous membranes to become dry. Elderly indviduals on fluid restriction because of heart failure will experience increased thirst, making it more difficult to comply with their medical regimen. Benadryl can also cause constipation and difficulty urinating.
Cognitive Decline
Benadryl can cause memory loss in the elderly. A study conducted by University of Pittsburgh researchers followed elderly individuals given either benzodiazepine, such as Valium, Xanax and Ativan, or Benadryl for sleep. Benadryl was associated with an increase in cognitive decline.
Drug Interactions
Many elderly individuals are on multiple medications. Benadryl can interact with some commonly prescribed drugs also used for sedation, pain and sleep, and also some antidepressants. It can also interfere with blood pressure lowering drugs, such as clonidine and propranolol (a beta blocker). Side effects of Benadryl that can affect anyone can be especially problematic for elderly individuals with multiple existing health problems and on a variety of medications.
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