When your skin looks dull and flaky and you find yourself scratching frequently, you may have dry skin. Without treatment, dry skin can become irritated, increasing your risk of developing a skin infection, advises the American Academy of Family Physicians website Family Doctor. Recognizing the early signs of dry skin and avoiding dry skin triggers may reduce your risk of developing a more serious skin condition.
Signs
Signs of overly dry skin include skin tightness, a dehydrated, dull appearance, rough-looking skin or skin that flakes, peels or itches, according to the Mayo Clinic. Some people may experience severe symptoms, including redness, open sores, large areas of peeling and intense itching that disrupts sleep.
Triggers
Lack of humidity in the air is the leading cause of dry skin problems, according to the University of Iowa. Winter's cold temperatures prompt us to turn up the thermostat, but forced hot air strips homes and offices of humidity. Other dry skin triggers include bathing in hot water, using harsh soaps and not protecting exposed skin with sunscreen.
Disorders
Sometimes dry skin is more than a temporary reaction to overheated rooms. The Mayo Clinic advises that conditions such as psoriasis can lead to dry, scaling skin. A thyroid condition may reduce the body's ability to produce natural oils, causing dryness. If dry skin does not respond to home treatments, see a dermatologist to rule out an underlying condition.
Treatment
Occasional minor dryness may respond to the application of a rich moisturizer that contains oil, applied immediately after showering or swimming. Opt for warm showers instead of hot baths. Use a gentle, moisturizing body wash instead of harsh deodorant soaps. Drink plenty of water to keep your body hydrated.
Prevention
Apply sunscreen of at least 30 SPF before going outdoors, even during the winter, and reapply every two hours. Dress in layered clothing, allowing for the removal of individual articles of clothing to prevent becoming overheated indoors, which can lead to sweating and make dry skin symptoms worse, according to the American Academy of Dermatology website EczemaNet. Use a humidifier to put moisture back into dry, overheated indoor air.
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