Causes of Sensory Processing Disorder

Sensory integration or sensory processing disorder (SPD) is the brain's inability to receive sensory input and process it into appropriate reactions. The signals in the brain do not accurately interpret senses. The cause of sensory processing disorder is still under research. Like any neurodevelopmental disorder such as autism or ADHD, it is difficult to pinpoint one cause. There are several dominant theories of a cause that believe it is genetic and environmental. Other researchers believe it is caused by a delay or problem in brain development. There are also many parents who have also seen improvement in sensory problems from dietary intervention. But SPD is not caused by bad parenting or bad behavior from the child. There are treatments that can help improve sensory processing disorder.

Hereditary Factors

Researchers believe sensory integration issues can be inherited. This implies there is a genetic coding for the causes of SPD. Prenatal and birth complications, such as preemies or fetal alcohol syndrome, have also been blamed for some cases of sensory challenges.

Environmental Factors

An exposure to environmental toxins or the inability of a child to fight off these toxins seems to contribute to a rise in sensory processing difficulties.

Brain Developmental Delays or Problems

Since our senses rely on areas of the brain receiving and processing appropriate responses, the brain's development is key to our sensory reactions. If one area of the brain is slow to develop or impaired, it can impact how the other senses interact and respond. Children who do not get enough stimulation during development may also be at higher risk.

Nutritional Deficiences Impact Sensory

Children who are picky eaters or have food allergies commonly have sensory problems. Many parents believe a lack of certain nutrients plays a role in sensory integration issues.

Common With Other Disorders

Sensory processing disorder is very common in children with autism, ADHD and fragile X syndrome. Learning more about the possible causes of these disorders can contribute to an understanding of the causes of SPD too.