Chickenpox is not usually serious, but for some, it can lead to dangerous complications and hospitalization, according to the Mayo Clinic. The viral disease is highly contagious and causes a red, itchy rash, fever, headache, fatigue and other uncomfortable symptoms. It can lead to dangerous complications, including bacterial infection, bleeding problems, pneumonia, birth defects and infection of the brain. Those most at risk include pregnant women, newborns, teenagers, adults, people with impaired immune systems, those taking steroids and people with eczema.
Vaccine
The most effective weapon against chickenpox is the vaccine that prevents it altogether. Before the vaccine, about 4 million U.S. children contracted the disease and 11,000 people were hospitalized each year , according to the Mayo Clinic. Those numbers have dropped dramatically. The vaccine is recommended for children and adults who have not had the disease, and it provides protection for about 90 percent of children who receive it, according to the Mayo Clinic. In those it doesn't protect, it reduces the severity of the disease, reducing the risk of complications.
Drugs
For most people, chickenpox requires no medical treatment and will go away on its own, according to the Mayo Clinic. But a doctor can prescribe an antihistamine to relieve itching. For those at high risk of complications, doctors sometimes prescribe an antiviral drug in hopes of preventing complications by reducing the severity of the infection. Sometimes doctors give the chickenpox vaccine after someone has been exposed to the virus to prevent the disease or reduce its severity. If complications arise, antibiotics may also be needed.
Home Remedies
A cool bath or compresses, particularly if uncooked oatmeal or baking soda has been added, can reduce itching, according to the Mayo Clinic. Calamine lotion dotted on the rash can also help. Rest will help the body fight off an infection. Soft, bland food can help if chickenpox sores in the mouth make eating difficult, and it is best to avoid spicy or acidic foods, which can aggravate the sores. The fever can be treated with acetaminophen or ibuprofen. But never give aspirin to someone with chickenpox, which can lead to a potentially fatal condition called Reye's syndrome.
