Barrier methods of birth control prevent a man's sperm from entering a woman's uterus. The barrier method of family planning is safe and can reduce the risk of pregnancy when used correctly. Some barrier devices also reduce the risk of sexually transmitted diseases.
Types
The male condom is the most commonly used barrier method of birth control, according to the American Pregnancy Association. The female condom, a long pouch that is inserted into the vagina before sex, is also available. The diaphragm, cervical cap and contraceptive sponge are small devices that are inserted into the vagina before sex to shield the cervix from a man's sperm. Spermicides, which are chemical products designed to kill sperm, can also be placed into the vagina alone or used with other birth control methods.
Effectiveness
Barrier methods are not as effective as other methods of birth control, such as hormonal contraceptives, but they are more effective when methods are combined--for instance, when a condom and diaphragm are used together, according to the American Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Barrier method failure rates range from 15 percent for the male condom to around 30 percent for spermicide used alone or cervical caps used by women who have had children.
Proper Use
All barrier methods must be used properly and regularly to be effective. Always follow your doctor's instructions or the directions on the package of your chosen form of birth control. Diaphragms and cervical caps must be fitted by a doctor and used with spermicide, and you should see your doctor to be refitted if you gain or lose weight, give birth or have an abortion, have pelvic surgery or experience frequent urinary tract infections or other problems with the device, according to the American Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologists.
Considerations
Latex male condoms offer the best protection against sexually transmitted diseases of any birth control method, according to the American Academy of Family Physicians. Consider using male condoms, possibly along with another barrier method, to protect yourself from disease and reduce the risk of pregnancy.
Warning
No method of birth control is 100 percent effective, warns the American Academy of Family Physicians. If preventing pregnancy is extremely important to you, talk to your doctor about the best birth control option for you.
