Ringworm of the scalp, medically referred to as tinea capitis, most often affects toddlers and school age children. Similar to other infections, such as jock itch and athlete's foot, a fungus causes the condition. Symptoms include redness, bald patches or hair thinning, and tenderness. MayoClinic.com reports ringworm of the scalp is contagious and extremely persistent. Treatment by a medical professional is required to cure the infection; home remedies as well as over-the-counter medications are not effective.
Griseofulvin
Griseofulvin, commercially sold as Grifulvin V, Gris-Peg, comes in liquid or tablet form. According to Drugs.com, the medication is similar to an antibiotic, and is classified as an antifungal. Even if symptoms of ringworm disappear, the full course of medication should be taken as prescribed. Sun protection is required when outdoors, as a person may be extra sensitive to sunlight and burn easily while taking this medication. Those suffering from porphyria or liver disease should not take griseofulvin. Drugs.com recommends the medication be taken with 8 oz. of water. Fatty foods may aid in medication absorption.
Terbinafine Hydrochloride
A second medication prescribed to treat ringworm of the scalp is terbinafine hydrochloride, sold under the brand name Lamisil. The medication comes in tablet form or as small granules that are sprinkled on food. Granules are sprinkled on foods such as mashed potatoes or pudding; however, it should not be administered with applesauce, fruit juice or other high acid foods. An 8 oz. glass of water should accompany the medication. Drugs.com recommends children take terbinafine hydrochloride only if they are four years old, or older. Harmful side effects associated with liver function may occur. A person may require liver function tests during the course of terbinafine hydrochloride treatment. The general course of medication lasts between six and 12 weeks. Symptoms such as joint pain, chills, patchy skin and flu symptoms indicated a possible complication associated with the drug. Medications should be stopped and the patient requires a medical examination to rule out possible side effects.
Topical Medications
In conjunction with oral medications, a variety of topical medications may be prescribed to slow down the spread of ringworm on the scalp. According to MedlinePlus, topical ketoconazole may be prescribed. The medication is stronger than over-the-counter antifungal ointments and shampoos. The skin should be clean and dry before the ointment or gel is applied. If the medication comes in shampoo form, and twice a week shampooing is recommended. Once the shampoo is applied, massage the scalp for about one minute to encourage medication absorption. Merck Manual recommends patients use over-the-counter dandruff shampoos containing 2.5 percent selenium sulfide. The shampoo should be used twice a week, and children can attend school during treatment, reports Merck Manual.
