Head problems can be unsightly, bothersome and embarrassing. Reasons can include infections, infestations and inflammation. When your scalp is affected, you should be evaluated by a physician or dermatologist. Treatment may be necessary to prevent the problem from getting worse.
Tinea Capitis
Tinea capitis, also known as ringworm of the scalp, is caused by a fungus. It is communicable through contact with hair or objects that have come into contact with the hair. Symptoms include hair loss in some areas, lesions, black dots, itching and sores. Some people may have round scaly lesions. Hygiene is an important component in the prevention of tinea capitis. Appropriate medical care and treatment are necessary to cure it.
Seborrhea and Seborrheic Dermatitis
Seborrhea, an overproduction of sebum, or oil on the scalp, can result in the hair and scalp appearing greasy or oily. Seborrheic dermatitis, characterized by a yellowish crust, itchiness and excessive oiliness, is a more serious condition. In infants, this condition is also called cradle cap. In adults, it usually presents after age 30, according to the International Society of Hair Restoration. A physician can recommend a shampoo or treatment that is appropriate for the affected person's condition.
Head Lice
An outbreak of head lice is also known as pediculosis. Head lice can live on your head or on an animal's body and feed on blood. Lice are extremely contagious, according to Medline Plus. Risk factors include close contact with someone who has been infected, or touching combs, hats or brushes. Treatments for head lice are available. The FamilyDoctor.org recommends talking to a doctor before starting treatment, because treatments contain pesticides and very strong chemicals. Any remaining lice should be removed. A thorough cleaning of any items that may have come in contact with the infected person's hair also is recommended.
Alopecia Areata
Alopecia areata is a common autoimmune disease affecting 4.7 million people in the United States, according to the National Alopecia Areata Foundation. The condition causes hair loss on the scalp or other parts of the body. Hair loss can range from a small spot to the entire scalp or body. As of 2010, there are no FDA-approved treatments for this condition. However, according to the National Alopecia Areata Foundation, some physicians do use off-label treatments.
