People tend to view hair loss as a sign of aging; however, children can experience hair loss. In the U.S., hair loss in children represents 3 percent of all pediatric visits, according to the American Hair Loss Association. The permanence of the hair loss depends on the source of the problem.
Alopecia Areata
Alopecia areata in children occurs when hair falls outs in round or oval patches. This type of hair loss usually strikes suddenly. The American Hair Loss Association reports that 1 in 1,000 children experience this condition. Further, the association notes that while 95 percent of cases respond to treatment, the remaining cases worsen, as children experience full hair loss on their scalp and possibly throughout their body.
Ringworm of the Scalp
Ringworm, a fungal infection that occurs on the scalp, causes hair loss in children. This condition represents the most common form of hair loss in children, according to the American Hair Loss Association. Affected areas on the scalp appear bald with stubble. Left untreated, this condition can develop into kerion. Kerion represents a serious case of ringworm, as the scalp becomes inflamed and is accompanied by the development of thickened, pus-filled areas. Treatment for ringworm includes antifungal medications, Nizoral shampoo and oral medications.
Cancer Treatments
Cancer treatments can lead to hair loss in children, according to Locks of Love. Radiation therapies that target the brain stem can cause permanent hair loss in children. Further, children who receive extended chemotherapy treatments are susceptible to hair loss.
Traction Alopecia
Traction alopecia, a form of hair loss, results from hairstyles that tug too tightly on a child's hair. Hairstyling techniques associated with this condition include tight braids and ponytails. Hair loss may not be permanent if improper hairstyling techniques are stopped before any root damage or scarring to the scalp occurs, according to MayoClinic.com.
Telogen Effluvium
Dr. Mark B. Levin, writing for Princeton Online, states that a common cause of hair loss, telogen effluvium, produces hair loss in children by disrupting their normal hair growth cycle. This disruption causes the growth cycle to enter a resting state. Subsequently, hair sheds, but begins to grow anew in a month or two. Emotional stressors, such as bereavement and serious injuries, trigger this condition, according to the American Hair Loss Association.
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