Valtrex, the brand product of valacyclovir, is a prescription antiviral drug. It is used for the treatment of genital herpes and herpes zoster, or shingles. It may also be used for the treatment of herpes labialis, an infection of the lips leading to cold sores. Valtrex does not cure herpes, but relieves the symptoms, such as pain, redness, and itchiness, and may help sores to heal quicker. The medication prevents new outbreaks and may reduce the risk of transmitting the infection to partners. This drug has several side effects.
Headache
Headache is the most common side effect seen with the use of Valtrex. Merck.com reports that up to 38 percent of users may experience headaches, which tend to decrease over time as the body adjusts to the medication. A painkiller, such as ibuprofen, is usually sufficient to alleviate this side effect. However, headaches that become severe and do not go away with treatment should be reported to a physician.
Nausea and Vomiting
The common gastrointestinal side effects seen in adults on Valtrex are nausea, abdominal pain and vomiting. Nausea and abdominal pain may occur in about 10 percent of patients. Vomiting may develop in up to 6 percent of users. The "Drug Information Handbook," explains that the patient may take the medication with meals to minimize these adverse reactions.
Dizziness and Fatigue
Dizziness may occur in about 4 percent of individuals taking Valtrex. Patients on this medication should be careful when driving or operating heavy machinery. Fatigue may also be seen in about 8 percent of individuals. Valtrex.com explains that these side effects are mild and do not cause patients to discontinue the medication. Furthermore, the patient will notice a decrease in these effects with continued use.
Neutropenia
Neutropenia, which is a decrease in while blood cell count, may occur in users of Valtrex. According to Merck.com, about 18 percent of individuals may experience this side effect. A low blood cell count may leave the patient more vulnerable to infection. A physician can determine if the medication should be discontinued.
Elevated Liver Enzymes
Liver enzymes, AST and ALT, may be elevated in about 15 percent of individuals on Valtrex. A physician can monitor the levels of ALT and AST with a routine blood test. If these levels are consistently elevated, the patient may be switched to another medication.
References
- Merck.com: Valacyclovir
- "Drug Information Handbook"; Charles F. Lacy, Lora L. Armstrong, et al.; 2009
- Valtrex.com: Risks & Side Effects
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