An itchy, flaky scalp can cause irritation and become a nuisance throughout the day. A variety of conditions may cause the scalp to become irritated including psoriasis, seborrheic dermatitis and even ringworm of the scalp, known as tinea capitis. Dandruff and other conditions can usually be controlled, according to the MayoClinic. Most conditions, except ringworm, may initially be treated with over-the-counter remedies.
Oral Medications
Ringworm of the scalp is treated most effectively with oral prescription medication griseofulvin. The drug comes in tablet and liquid form. Terbinafine hydrochloride is a second medication effective in treating ringworm of the scalp, and sprinkled on food. Both medications must be taken for about six weeks to rid the scalp of the fungal infection. Symptoms may disappear, yet the full course of medications must be administered to correct the condition. Scalp treatments, such as ointments and shampoos, are not as effective in treating ringworm because the scalp or hair cannot be penetrated, reports MayoClinic.com.
Shampoo
Dandruff may be initially treated with daily, mild shampooing to remove oil and flaky skin buildup, reports MayoClinic.com. If regular shampooing is not effective, the next step in treatment involves using over-the-counter dandruff shampoos. Several different types of shampoos are available and contain different key ingredients. Zinc pyrithione is found in some shampoos and has antibacterial and antifungal effects. Tar-based shampoos slow down how quickly the skin on the scalp dies and flakes off, reports MayoClinic.com. Selenium sulfide decreases the skin cells from dying and reduces malassezia, a yeast-like fungus. Stronger shampoos are available via prescription containing stronger doses of these basic key ingredients. A person fighting a itchy, dry scalp should shampoo his hair with the medicated shampoos until the condition remains under control. The shampoo should then only be used two to three days a week, rotating with a regular shampoo.
Sunlight
Sunlight may decrease itchy, dry scalp. However, exposure to direct sunlight puts a person at risk for sunburn and skin cancer, a small amount of daily sunlight is recommended. According to Dr.Weil.com, exposure to sunlight decreases cell turnover. Light-therapy may be an option if outdoor sunlight is not convenient. Light-therapy and sunlight are common treatments for psoriasis patients; the condition may affect the scalp causing itching and dryness.
