Normal menstruation occurs every 21 to 35 days, when the lining of the uterus is shed to allow for a new reproductive cycle, according to Mayo Clinic. Blood spotting is defined as abnormal bleeding that occurs between regular menstrual periods. Blood spotting often signifies underlying medical conditions, and a gynecologist should be seen if spotting occurs.
Chlamydia
Chlamydia is the most common sexually transmitted disease in the United States, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Chlamydia occurs as a result of an infection with the bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis, which can be transmitted through vaginal, oral and anal sex. Chlamydia can also be passed from a mother to her baby during childbirth. Chlamydia often does not produce symptoms, but when symptoms do occur, they include blood spotting, abnormal vaginal discharge, pain during urination, abdominal pain and pain during intercourse. Chlamydia can be successfully treated with a series of antibiotics. If left untreated, chlamydia can lead to pelvic inflammatory disease and infertility.
Uterine Fibroids
Uterine fibroids are benign tumors that grow in the uterus. Uterine fibroids do not progress into cancer. The fibroids can range in size from microscopic to the size of a golf ball and usually occur in groups. The exact cause of uterine fibroids is unknown, but they are believed to develop as a result of a hormonal imbalance that involves the hormone estrogen. Symptoms of uterine fibroids include abdominal fullness, blood spotting, heavy periods, pelvic cramps and pain during intercourse, according to Medline Plus. Small fibroids usually do not require treatment and are monitored regularly for growth. Larger fibroids may be treated with either oral hormone therapy or hormonal injections. In severe cases, surgery may be required to remove the fibroids or the entire uterus.
Cervicitis
Cervicitis is the inflammation of the cervix, the narrow end of the uterus that opens into the vagina. Cervicitis can develop as a result of sexually transmitted diseases, allergic reactions or an overgrowth of bacteria. Cervicitis may not produce any symptoms, but when symptoms are present, they include large amounts of vaginal discharge, blood spotting, painful urination and increased urine frequency. Treatment for cervicitis is usually only needed if it is caused by a sexually transmitted disease, according to Mayo Clinic. In these cases, prescription medications are sufficient in treating the underlying disease. Abstinence is also recommended during the course of treatment until the inflammation is corrected.
