The abdominal muscles can become sore if they are overworked, exercised too hard or when dealing with a stomach flu. However, chronic abdominal muscle pain can also signal an underlying medical condition. In addition, conditions affecting internal organs or structures that do not have their own pain receptors, may cause pain in the abdominal muscles. This means pain may be felt in the stomach area, even though that is not where the problem is. Since there are so many conditions that can cause abdominal muscle pain, it is best to get a proper diagnosis, which often requires specific tests.
Indigestion
Indigestion is a general term that can be used to describe a variety of conditions that cause generalized symptoms, including abdominal muscle pain or discomfort. The pain may be dull or burning. It can be localized to the abdomen or radiate into the chest or throat. Abdominal muscle pain related to indigestion may or may not be accompanied by a feeling of fullness, bloating, cramping or muscle spasms.
While occasional occurrences of indigestion may not be serious, chronic indigestion may be a waring sign of gastroesophageal reflux disease, peptic ulcer disease, cancer or a blockage in an organ, according to the National Digestive Diseases Information Clearinghouse. A physician will need to perform a physical exam and run a series of tests to determine the cause of indigestion and the best treatment approach.
Appendicitis
Appendicitis is an inflammation or infection of the appendix. The appendix is a small pouch between the abdomen and large intestine, and its exact purpose is not well understood. If the appendix becomes blocked, it can rupture and cause severe abdominal muscle pain that requires emergency surgery. However, some cases come on more slowly and start with dull generalized pain, loss of appetite, fatigue and fever, symptoms that get worse over time.
If appendicitis is caught and treated before the appendix ruptures, recovery is faster, according to the National Institutes of Health. Since having an appendix is not necessary for survival, surgery is usually performed to remove it to resolve the symptoms.
Pancreatitis
The pancreas is a gland near the abdomen that produces digestive enzymes and hormones that regulate blood sugar levels. Pancreatitis is an inflammation of this gland and symptoms such as abdominal muscle pain and cramping may come on suddenly or gradually. There are many conditions and diseases that can cause pancreatitis, and severe cases usually require hospitalization.
If pancreatitis is suspected, the Mayo Clinic recommends being on the lookout for abdominal muscle pain that radiates into the back, gets worse after eating and is relieved by leaning forward. Pancreatitis can also cause the stomach muscles to be tender to the touch. Additional warning signs include nausea, vomiting and indigestion. A combination of medication, pain management techniques and surgery may be necessary to fully manage symptoms.
Spigelian Hernia
Sometimes abdominal pain is a warning sign of an injury or problem with the abdominal wall. This is the case with a spigelian hernia, according to the American Academy of Family Physicians. This type of hernia is diagnosed when the muscles of the abdomen or part of the intestines pushes into the abdominal cavity.
Hernias can be caused when lifting heavy objects, during forceful twisting and bending movements or when straining to cough or go to the bathroom. Symptoms may include generalized or dull abdominal pain, vomiting and difficulty with bowel movements.
