Diarrhea is loose, watery stools and those experiencing diarrhea usually pass at least three loose stools per day, according to the National Digestive Diseases Information Clearinghouse. Chronic diarrhea is diarrhea that lasts for an extended period of time and is usually the result of functional disorders and chronic digestive diseases.
Crohn's Disease
Crohn's disease is characterized by the chronic inflammation of the lining of the digestive tract. Crohn's disease belongs to a group of diseases referred to as inflammatory bowel diseases and can affect any part of the digestive tract, but most commonly affects the intestines. Although the exact cause of Crohn's disease is unknown, the inflammation is believed to be a result of an abnormal immune system response or genetic mutations, according to Mayo Clinic. Symptoms of Crohn's disease include diarrhea, abdominal pain, cramping, blood in the stool, ulcers, reduced appetite and weight loss. Those with severe forms of Crohn's disease may also experience fever, fatigue, arthritis, inflammation of the eye and skin disorders. Since the cause of Crohn's disease is not known, treatment focuses on reducing severity of symptoms. Treatment consists of a combination of immunosuppressants, antibiotics and anti-inflammatory drugs, notes Mayo Clinic. In severe cases, surgery may be needed to remove the damaged part of the intestines.
Colitis
Colitis is the chronic inflammation of the colon, a part of the large intestine. A number of things can cause colitis, including infections, lack of blood flow, previous radiation and inflammatory bowel disorders. Symptoms of colitis include abdominal bloating, abdominal pain, diarrhea, bloody stools, chills, dehydration, fever, increased intestinal gas and frequent urge to have a bowel movement, according to MedlinePlus. Treatment for colitis depends on the specific cause of inflammation but generally consists of anti-inflammatory medications and antibiotics to treat any underlying infections.
Irritable Bowel Syndrome
Irritable bowel syndrome is a disorder characterized by a group of symptoms that most commonly include cramping, abdominal pain, bloating, constipation and diarrhea. Although extremely uncomfortable, irritable bowel syndrome does not cause any permanent damage to the intestines and does not lead to any serious diseases, according to the National Digestive Diseases Information Clearinghouse. The exact cause of irritable bowel syndrome is unknown, but the most prominent theories are that it is an autoimmune disorder or that the colon is extra sensitive to certain foods or stress. Treatment for irritable bowel syndrome is aimed at individual symptom relief, which is provided with specific medications such as pain relievers, anti-diarrheal medications or stool softeners.
