According to the Ulcerative Colitis website, ulcerative colitis, or UC, is a condition characterized by an inflammation and ulceration of the lining of the large intestine. This condition may be treated with medications or surgery. Although considered an inflammatory bowel disease, ulcerative colitis does not affect the esophagus, stomach or small intestine. An individual with UC is at risk for malnutrition; thus, consuming a diet rich in protein foods, such as meats; and high in carbohydrate foods, such as grains, starches, fruits and vegetables, is essential.
Basic Foods
The basic dietary guidelines for individuals with UC are the same as those for the general population. The diet should be rich in carbohydrates, from foods such as rice, bread, pasta, potatoes and fortified breakfast cereals; proteins, from meats, poultry, fish, eggs and nuts; as well as fruits and vegetables. These foods should form the main part of the diet as they are high in essential nutrients; as well as minerals, such as iron. Fat intake should be moderate as excessive fat intake may cause abdominal bloating, gas and/or diarrhea.
Dairy
For most individuals, dairy products are an important dietary component, as they are nutritious, providing calcium and protein. Individuals with UC should use caution when consuming dairy products. They are allowed in moderate amounts as long as they don't cause gas and diarrhea. Milk, in small amounts, does not typically cause problems but may be the worst offender. Other dairy products, such as cheese and yogurt, are better tolerated. If milk causes digestive upset and the onset of symptoms, try lactose-free or soy milk instead.
During "Flare-Ups"
During "flare-ups" or periods when symptoms intensify, a bland, low-fiber, low-residue diet may offer some relief. For example, spicy foods, citrus fruits and high fiber foods, such as corn and popcorn, bran and starchy beans may make symptoms worse. Fatty, greasy foods, as well as alcohol and caffeine, may bother patients with ulcerative colitis. According to the Crohn's and Colitis Foundation of America, drinking plenty of fluids is another important dietary consideration, as diarrhea can deplete the body of fluids and electrolytes--so replenishing them often is especially important.
