Birth control methods typically work by either preventing sperm from reaching eggs or by preventing ovulation. Oral forms of birth control refer to birth control methods that come in pill form.
Components
Oral forms of birth control involve pills which contain synthetic versions of hormones that the female menstrual cycle produces, the Center for Young Women's Health explains. These pills may contain a combination of estrogen and progesterone or progesterone alone. These hormones are able to block the production of hormones, which trigger ovulation.
Administration
Birth control pills need to be taken every day for them to work properly. They typically come in the form of a pack which contains several rows of pills. Some of the pills may not contain hormones; these pills are typically taken during menstruation and only serve as a reminder to take a pill each day.
Side Effects
Oral birth control can result in nausea and gastrointestinal upset, Medline Plus explains. It can also lead to spotting, irregular or painful mentrual periods as well as changes in the skin and breast tissue. Birth control pills do not protect against sexually transmitted infections and are not as effective if not taken regularly.
