Scalp problems include dryness, flaking, itchiness and scaling. However, the most common scalp problem is hair loss, according to MSN Health. It's a health condition that plagues both men and women and may be caused by poor grooming practices, such as poorly applied chemical treatments and over-styling. Some medical problems also contribute to hair loss, including hormonal problems, alopecia and autoimmune diseases.
Medical Intervention
See a doctor. Because scalp damage often results from underlying conditions such as seborrheic dermatitis, psoriasis, dandruff, hormones and various forms of alopecia, you should consult your physician first. Your doctor will complete one or more tests to diagnose the problem, explains Mayo Clinic. Tests many include scalp scrapings, hair pull tests, a biopsy or a blood test to check for illnesses, such as diabetes or thyroid disease. The results will determine the best way to treat the medical problem, which will help to heal scalp damage.
Dandruff Treatments
Mild and severe dandruff is quite common, but it can usually be controlled, Mayo Clinic points out. Several over-the-counter shampoos and creams can help. Zinc pyrithione shampoos kill the fungus responsible for dandruff, and tar-based and selenium sulfide shampoos reduce how quickly scalp cells die and flake off. Mayo Clinic recommends using these shampoos once or twice a week and switching brands if one isn't effectively controlling your dandruff.
Tea Tree Oil
This pungent-smelling oil may also relieve dandruff and dry scalp. According to Mayo Clinic, it's been used for centuries for its antiseptic, antibiotic and antifungal properties, and is an ingredient in shampoos as well. If you decide to try tea tree oil for scalp damage, do a skin patch first as some people are allergic to it.
Natural Hair Care
When applied correctly, chemicals such as hair relaxers, perms and coloring treatments aren't likely to damage your scalp. If they're applied carelessly or for too long, they can burn your scalp and cause redness, flakes, scabs and hair loss. Heat-styling tools such as hot combs and flat irons may also burn your scalp. Wearing natural hairstyles will protect your scalp. Or, you can also apply protective gels to your hair and scalp before using chemicals or hair appliances.
Topical Corticosteroids
Doctors often prescribe these medications for seborrheic dermatitis and to control scaling and redness on your scalp, according to the Merck Manuals Online Medical Library. They're available in various formulas, such as ointment, oil or lotion. Corticosteroid oils are particularly effective for thick flakes, advises the website Brownskin. However, these medications shouldn't be used for a long period as they can cause various side effects, including blood thinning. Consult your doctor for more advice on these and other medications for scalp damage.
