Sinus surgery is performed on the nasal sinuses, which are air-filled spaces in the nose lined by cells called mucosa. When the mucosa are inflamed due to infection, allergies or any other kind of obstruction, it prevents proper drainage of the sinus cavities. These lead to inflammation in the lining of the sinuses, called sinusitis. Sinus surgery is recommended when all other medical treatments have failed to bring relief. Although this surgery is safe and beneficial, there are certain risks involved.
Leakage of CSF
The Patient Education Institute reports that leakage of CSF is a risk involved with sinus surgery. CSF is the cerebrospinal fluid that surrounds the brain and spinal cord. While performing the surgery, the surgeon may create an opening between the sinuses and the brain. This can cause the CSF to leak through the nose. Bed rest can usually stop the leak. A person may be at risk of developing infections in the brain called meningitis due to this leakage. If it doesn't stop with bed rest, it may also require brain surgery.
Bleeding
Bleeding is another risk of sinus surgery, as reported by the Patient Education Institute. This can occur in the brain, leading to a stroke. A stroke is a life-threatening condition that may cause death.
Visual Worsening and Blindness
The Cleveland Clinic reports that decreased vision is a risk of sinus surgery. It says this is quite rare; however, if loss of vision does occur, chances of recovery are minimal. It only occurs on one side. Some people also report double vision.
Other Risks
Sinus surgery can cause tearing of the eye. Numbness or discomfort in the upper front teeth may also be present, because the nerves responsible for the sensation in the upper teeth go through the maxillary sinuses. There may also be swelling, bruising or numbness of the lips. Changes in the voice and decrease in the sense of smell may also occur.
