Insomnia is when a person has difficulty falling asleep or staying asleep. Most people will experience insomnia at one point or another. Missing a night of sleep once in a while is not fatal; however, chronic insomnia can be disruptive and may lead to other health problems. For those with insomnia, it may be necessary to take sleep medications to promote relaxation and induce sleep. Many sleep medications are available over the counter but they are not all equal in effectiveness.
Doxylamine
Doxylamine, sold as Unisom, is a commonly available over-the-counter sleep aid. Doxylamine does have some side effects although they aren't experienced by all users. Primary side effects include prolonged drowsiness and decreased alertness. The Mayo Clinic indicates that women who are pregnant or breastfeeding as well as peoplewith asthma, bronchitis, glaucoma, ulcers or enlarged prostate should not take doxylamine.
Diphenydramine
Diphenydramine, sold as Sominex, Tylenol PM and Benadryl is another common sleep aid. Side effects include dry mouth, dizziness, prolonged drowsiness and memory problems. Similarly, diphenydramine is not recommended for pregnant or breastfeeding women or for people with glaucoma, heart problems or enlarged prostate, states the Mayo Clinic.
Melatonin
Melatonin is a dietary supplement that is sometimes used to treat insomnia in lieu of sleeping aids. Some patients have found the hormone melatonin to be an effective treatment for insomnia, states the University of Maryland Medical Center. Melatonin works to regulate the body's internal clock, which in turn affects a person's ability to sleep. Results of clinical research vary in terms of its effectiveness.
Valerian
Valerian is also a dietary supplement used in the treatment of insomnia for patients who prefer a more natural treatment method. Supplements of the herb valerian reduce the time it takes to fall asleep, which helps to alleviate insomnia. The Food and Drug Administration indicates that valerian is generally a safe supplement.
