Flaking and peeling skin result from loss of epidermis, which is the upper layer of the skin. Dry skin is a common occurrence for many people and one of the leading causes of flaking skin. Dryness can cause peeling and flaking skin on most parts of the body and can be irritating. The condition can also result from sunburn, allergies, infection and irritation, among other more serious problems. A health care provider can assist in diagnosing individual causes of peeling and flaking skin.
Sunburn
Sunburn occurs from harmful ultraviolet radiation. UV rays penetrate the skin and can cause skin damage during any season. The amount of exposure to the sun and UV rays can produce mild to severe skin reactions. Flaking and peeling skin is a common symptom of sunburn that may occur several days after sun exposure, explains Missouri University of Science and Technology. Peeling following sunburn is how the body heals itself by shedding the damaged skin cells. Melanin is a chemical in the skin that protects it from sun damage, but too much sun exposure exceeds the protection melanin offers, resulting in sunburn. Wearing sunscreen and taking frequent breaks from the sun is important to protect your skin against sun damage.
Psoriasis
Psoriasis typically occurs on the scalp, knees, elbows and torso. It is a chronic skin condition that causes skin cells to grow rapidly and build up on the skin's surface. The condition affects the life cycle of skin cells, and damage results in the form of red, itchy, dry patches and scales on the skin. Experts believe psoriasis is an inherited disorder and likely occurs from the immune system mistakenly attacking healthy cells, according to MedlinePlus. Certain triggers may cause flare-ups, such as too much alcohol, viral and bacterial infections, stress, and certain medications, reports MedlinePlus.
Rosacea
Rosacea is a common skin condition that causes inflammation of the cheeks, forehead, chin, nose and eyelids. The condition is chronic but treatable and may come and go over time. Individuals with fair skin who blush easily tend to be at greater risk of the condition, but anyone is at risk. The National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases reports that 14 million people in the U.S. have rosacea and that it is more common in women than men.
The main symptoms of rosacea include redness around the face, peeling and flaking of the skin, small red bumps, burning, and visible small blood vessels on the nose and cheeks. When left untreated, rosacea may progress and worsen into thickened skin. The cause of the condition is unknown and there is currently no cure, but controlling symptoms through lifestyle changes and medications can bring relief for some, according to NIAMS.
