What Is Estrogen Cream?

Estrogen is a group of hormones composed of estrone, estradiol and estriol that influences the functions of the female reproductive tract. Your ovaries are the main producer of this hormone group. Around the age of menopause, when menstruation stops, your ovaries produce less estrogen, sometimes causing uncomfortable physical changes. Estrogen creams are among the treatments available to provide relief from menopausal symptoms.

Changes in the Body

During and after menopause, estrogen receptors in the vagina, urethra and bladder no longer receive the amounts of estrogen they need for optimal health. Tissues in these areas weaken and shrink, leading to vaginal dryness, urinary incontinence and related symptoms. Reproductive and urinary tract organs also might shift.

Estrogen Cream's Effects

Estrogen cream replaces some of the estrogen your body no longer produces. This helps keep tissues strong enough to retain their natural shape and prevent organs from shifting. Healthier tissues mean fewer urinary issues like incontinence and frequent urination, and vaginal health concerns like dryness and infection. Conjugated estrogen cream applied to the face also might reduce the appearance of wrinkles, according to a study published in the October 1994 issue of "Maturitas."

Types

Conjugated estrogen cream contains a mixture of estrogens from sources such as plants and pregnant mares' urine. Estradiol cream contains synthetic female hormones. Natural estrogen creams contain phytoestrogens from plants like soy. While conjugated estrogens and estradiol typically require a prescription, some natural estrogen creams are available without one.

Application

Apply the cream at bedtime. Squeeze the cream onto the included applicator or your fingertip. Use enough to cover half your index finger and gently spread the cream onto your external vaginal area, inserting a small amount into the vagina. Consult your doctor about how often to apply. The usual recommendation is daily for 10 to 14 days, then two or three times weekly. Women participating in the study of estrogen cream for wrinkles applied the same amount to their faces nightly for six months, but the cream is primarily for vaginal use, so consult your health care provider before using it on your face.

Considerations

Topical estrogen might be safer than oral estrogen because it provides lower doses of hormones and is concentrated in one area. Common side effects include vaginal skin irritation and discharge. If you experience chest or leg pain, difficulty breathing, faintness or other severe side effects, contact your doctor immediately. Avoid estrogen cream if you're at risk for or have ever had a hormone-related cancer, like breast cancer, are prone to blood clots, or are nursing, pregnant or might become pregnant. If you have a liver condition, consult your doctor before using any estrogen cream.