The soothing and healing properties of aloe vera are well known and commonly used to treat sunburn and other skin wounds. The aloe plant also has applications when used internally, including treating conditions such as ulcerative colitis, according to the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine. Although evidence suggests it may be useful in treating intestinal conditions such as colitis, it should be used under the supervision of a trusted medical professional because of potential risks.
Physical Description
The aloe vera plant is classified as a succulent, which simply means the leaves of the plant hold a lot of water. The leaves can grow as tall as 4 feet and are fleshy, with the gel inside used to heal burns. While the gel is used topically, aloe juice is derived from the green part of the plant that surrounds the gel, according to the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine.
Chemical Constituents
Aloe vera juice contains several chemical constituents that are responsible for its medicinal benefits, but exactly how it works in the body is not fully understood. Its effects in the intestinal tract are due to the presence of chemicals called anthraquinone glycosides, according to Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center. These glycosides have a strong laxative effect that make it useful in treating constipation and other gastrointestinal conditions. It is not precisely known how aloe vera is effective at healing wounds, but it is possible that polysaccharides, amino acids and vitamin concentrations are involved.
Dosage
Although many applications for aloe vera involve external applications, aloe vera juice is taken internally. The recommended dose for treating colitis is 2 tablespoons daily, according to the University of Michigan Health System. Internal use of aloe vera gel can cause serious side effects and should be done only under the care and direction of a knowledgeable medical professional. Before using aloe juice internally to treat colitis, consult with your health practitioner to ensure you are using a safe and effective dose.
Side Effects
Because aloe has a laxative effect, it can cause diarrhea and intestinal cramping when used internally, according to the University of Maryland Medical Center. In severe cases, diarrhea caused by use of aloe juice can cause electrolyte imbalances, such as a low potassium level. At least one case of hepatitis has been linked to internal use of aloe, although studies have not demonstrated a conclusive link, according to a report by Michelle M. Bottenbern published in the October 2007 edition of the "Annals of Pharmacotherapy." Before using aloe supplements, speak with your health practitioner to ensure you understand all the risks.
Warnings
Internal use of aloe vera for more than a year can increase a person's risk of colon cancer, according to MedlinePlus. It also is not safe for people with heart disease, kidney disease, thyroid conditions and electrolyte imbalances. People with diabetes or hypoglycemia should only use aloe juice under the care of a doctor, because it can affect blood sugar levels. Women who are pregnant or breastfeeding should not use aloe internally because of the possibility of uterine contractions. Always consult with a knowledgeable medical professional so you understand the potential risks before using aloe juice.
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