Herpes simplex type 1 is a viral infection that causes cold sores, also known as fever blisters, according to Mayo Clinic. Cold sores are small, painful blisters that usually occur on the lips but can occur in and around the mouth, chin, nose or elsewhere on the body. They usually clear up on their own within two weeks. But the virus lingers in the body and can cause repeated outbreaks. Cold sores cannot be cured, but treatment can help reduce symptoms and the frequency of outbreaks.
Antivirals
Antiviral medications can help shorten the duration of an outbreak of cold sores and decrease the pain, according to Mayo Clinic. But the effect is modest and the medication must be started as soon as the outbreak begins. These oral medications include acyclovir, famciclovir and valacyclovir. These drugs are also prescribed for people for whose cold sores keep coming back because they can help prevent both outbreaks and the spread of the disease.
Nonprescription Drugs
Over-the-counter products can help treat the symptoms of cold sores though they don't cure or prevent outbreaks, according to the Mayo Clinic. Ointments that contain lidocaine or benzocaine can reduce the pain of cold sores when applied to the blisters. So can common oral painkillers like aspirin, acetaminophen and ibuprofen.
Home Remedies
Home remedies can also help control symptoms, according to the Mayo Clinic. Ice compresses or even just sucking on a popsicle can soothe blisters and ease pain. Warm compresses may also work. Do not pick or squeeze the blisters since that can spread them to your fingers or other parts of the body. Picking blisters can also slow down the healing process. Wash your hands frequently to prevent the spread of the disease to other areas of your body and to other people as well.
