If you shins ache when you exercise, you may be suffering from shin splints. The term is used loosely to describe pain in the lower leg. The pain may sometimes start at the beginning of exercise and then improve. There are different muscles and bones involved, and the location of your symptoms will help determine the type of shin splint you have.
Common Shin Splints
There are four main types of shin splints, the most common type being a tibial shin splint. The tibia is the bone in front of the shin, sometimes called the "shin bone." Tibial periostitis results when the periostium, or the layer covering the tibial bone, is irritated. A second shin splint type results when pain if felt in the back of the shin. This type of shin splint affects the back of the shin. If you have irritated the covering of the bone, it can result in soreness of the bone itself.
Stress Fractures
Sometimes pain felt in the shins is the result of tiny stress fractures in the bones of the lower leg. Stress fractures are more common in long-distance runners and individuals with small bone structures. Sometimes you can identify a stress fracture shin splint because the pain can be sharp and immediate. If you fell acute pain, stop exercising and call your health care professional.
Anterior Compartment Syndrome
Compartment syndrome can become a serious problem. It is the result of blood that is trapped in an enclosed space that puts pressure on nerves. It can result in nerve damage if not treated properly. Runners can suffer compartment syndrome due to repetitive pressure put on leg muscles. Compartment syndrome results in severe pain that does not improve even when you stop the activity that aggravated the muscle, raise the affected leg or take pain relievers. If this happens, see your health care provider.
