A blister is a collection of fluid under the upper layers of the skin. Blisters are commonly circular in shape and are filled with serum, the clear fluid that leaks from damaged blood vessels. Whether blisters itch or not is an important clue in figuring out their cause. Itchy skin blisters should be evaluated by a dermatologist.
Poisonous Plants
The most common poisonous plants in the U.S. are poison ivy, poison oak and poison sumac. When the leaves of these plants are bruised, torn or damaged, they release an oil called urushiol. Contact dermatitis occurs in 80 to 90 percent of adults who come into direct contact with urushiol, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. A red, itchy rash with blisters that leak fluid forms within a few days of contact. The CDC recommends oatmeal baths, antihistamines and the application of calamine lotion or hydrocortisone cream to reduce the itch and speed healing. Severe cases, or rash involving the face or genitals, should be evaluated by a physician.
Bullous Pemphigoid
Bullous pemphigoid is a skin disorder of unknown cause that results when the immune system forms antibodies that attack the skin. It is characterized by very large, itchy blisters that are surrounded by red and inflamed skin. Blisters can also develop in the mouth. Bullous pemphigus can last months or even years. The disorder usually responds well to a few weeks of treatment with high doses of corticosteroids. Other treatments include tetracycline given in conjunction with niacin or medications that suppress the immune system, such as cyclophosphamide. Immunoglobulin is a safe treatment when bullous pemphigoid does not respond to other therapies, Merck Manuals Online Medical Library explains.
Hand Dermatitis
Hand dermatitis is a type of eczema, a condition that causes irritated, itchy and swollen skin. Dry, chapped hands are commonly the first sign. Patches of red, scaly and itchy skin form, sometimes followed by itchy blisters and cracked, weeping skin. Hand dermatitis is frequently job-related, and it affects women more because of jobs that require immersion of hands in water. Hand dermatitis due to frequent hand washing affects approximately 30 percent of nurses, according to the American Academy of Dermatology. Other causes include allergic reactions and contact with irritants, such as soaps, cleansers and jewelry made with nickel. Treatment depends on the cause and may include corticosteroids applied to the skin, oral medications that suppress the immune system, phototherapy and injections of botulinum toxin type A.
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