Chitosan is a supplement made from the shells of shrimp, crabs and other crustaceans that's sometimes used as a weight-loss aid. You might also use chitosan topically or orally to help reduce cholesterol levels, heal wounds, treat kidney failure, treat hypertension, prevent dental cavities and act as an antimicrobial. Chitosan poses certain health dangers, however, so consult your doctor before using this natural remedy.
Nutrient Malabsorption
Due to chitosan's effects on blocking the fats consumed in your diet, the supplement could interfere with the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins and minerals, says the University of Michigan Health System. Chitosan can reduce your absorption of the fat-soluble vitamins A, D, E and K, as well as of the minerals magnesium, selenium and calcium. In fact, two studies published in the Journal of Pharmaceuticals & Pharmacology in 1997 and Nutrition Research in 1998 found that taking high doses of chitosan over long periods of time can inhibit the absorption of these key nutrients, notes the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center. This can lead to vitamin and mineral deficiencies that can cause insufficient growth in children, malnutrition during pregnancy and osteoporosis.
Arsenic Poisoning
Because shellfish can absorb and concentrate arsenic from water, chitosan supplements can contain certain amounts of arsenic, warns the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center. Therefore, chitosan supplements can potentially cause arsenic poisoning, especially when you take them over long periods of time. A case report published in Clinical Toxicology in 2002 involved arsenic poisoning from taking chitosan. Talk to your physician about this possible danger before you take chitosan supplements.
Increased Bacteria Growth
Chitosan potentially can change your intestinal bacteria, typically in improving the beneficial natural bacteria in your intestines but possibly causing negative effects, notes the University of Michigan Health System. If you take chitosan for an extended time frame and in elevated doses, the supplement could promote the growth of dangerous intestinal bacteria, explains the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center.
Allergic Reaction & Side Effects
Don't use chitosan remedies if you have an allergy to shellfish, because you could have an allergic reaction, cautions the Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center. Also, taking chitosan can cause side effects like gastrointestinal distress, gas and constipation. These side effects are usually not dangerous, but an allergic reaction could be fatal in some people. Ask your doctor about these and other possible side effects prior to taking chitosan.
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