Vaginal dryness is a common symptom of menopause but it can happen at any age, according to the Mayo Clinic. Symptoms include itching, burning, pain and bleeding during sex. Normally, a thin layer of fluid coats the vaginal walls, but lowered estrogen levels during menopause or menstruation can reduce the amount of this natural lubrication. Hormone replacement therapy, or HRT, is not the most effective treatment for vaginal dryness; there are better options.
Vaginal Estrogens
Topical estrogens applied directly to the vagina work better than HRT, according to the Mayo Clinic. They also do not decrease testosterone levels the way oral estrogen can, which is important for preserving healthy sexual function. However, these products do put a small amount of estrogen into the bloodstream, though not as much as HRT. Vaginal creams and tablets are usually inserted into the vagina daily at first and then the dose may be tapered over time depending on a patient's needs. A vaginal ring inserted in the vagina every three months delivers a consistent dose of estrogen over time.
Lubricants
Water-based lubricants are applied before sex and can lubricate the vagina for several hours, according to the Mayo Clinic. They are available over-the-counter in different formulations. They can be applied to the vagina or a partner's penis. Be sure to avoid oil-based lubricants like petroleum jelly or mineral oil since they can cause infection and damage latex condoms or diaphragms.
Moisturizers
These over-the-counter products work by mimicking the body's natural fluids, according to the Mayo Clinic. Vaginal moisturizers can lubricate the vagina for up to three days after a single application. For this reason, they provide ongoing relief from the irritation of vaginal dryness.
