Each year, more than 50,000 people in the United States die from complications caused by colon cancer, according to the Merck Manuals Online Medical Library. People with this form of cancer are typically over the age of 50, obese, inactive or have a family history of colon cancer. Symptoms of colon cancer can affect any region of the body, but primarily localize in the stomach or intestine. People with colon cancer can also develop constitutional symptoms, or symptoms that affect the entire body. Constitutional symptoms should be discussed with a doctor if they arise.
Anemia
Abnormal cancer cell growth in the intestine can cause rectal bleeding in certain people. Excessive blood loss due to colon cancer can significantly reduce the number of red blood cells within a person's body. Low red blood cell levels can cause a constitutional symptom of colon cancer called anemia, Medline Plus reports. People with anemia often experience unexplained weakness or fatigue that may accompany pale skin, headache or dizziness. More severe anemia symptoms include breathing difficulties, chest pain or cognitive problems. Prolonged periods of anemia can result in heart or nerve damage and require prompt medical care.
Weight Loss
Weight loss is also a constitutional symptom associated with colon cancer, the American Cancer Society explains. This disease prevents adequate nutrient absorption from a person's normal dietary intake. When a person's energy expenditure exceeds his energy intake levels, he can begin to lose weight. People who experience progressive, unintended weight loss despite having a healthy appetite should talk with a doctor.
Additional Symptoms
Other symptoms caused by colon cancer include diarrhea and constipation. These bowel habit changes can develop in conjunction with abdominal pain, cramping, bloating or discomfort, the National Cancer Institute reports. People can develop stool changes such as blood in the stools or unusually narrow stools. Additionally, sensations of nausea or vomiting can exacerbate weight loss in patients with colon cancer. Persistent bowel or digestive changes should be discussed with a physician as soon as possible.
