Recurrent stroke, also known as cerebrovascular accident, or CVA, can be the result of an undiagnosed underlying disease. Addressing the cause and managing risk factors aggressively are a primary focus for preventing first and recurrent stroke. The National Stroke Association states that 5 to 14 percent of patients who have had a cerebrovascular accident will have a second stroke within a year.
Diabetes
The National Diabetes Information Clearinghouse warns that diabetes places patients at high risk for recurrent stroke.The risk of stroke is increased by obesity, high cholesterol, inactivity and high blood pressure that are common co-existing morbidities among diabetics. The American Diabetes Association states that 2 out of 3 diabetics will die from stroke or heart disease. In addition to addressing traditional risk factors, patients with diabetes can further reduce the risk of CVA by keeping blood sugar levels under control. Following a healthy diet, engaging in regular exercise and taking medications as prescribed can prevent a first or second stroke.
Stopping Medication
Stopping medication given to prevent a second stroke can lead to a second stroke, especially in the first three months. A study conducted by researchers at Wake Forest University Baptist Medical Center and colleagues at the Duke Clinical Research Institute found that 20 percent of patients quit taking their medications to prevent stroke within three months. Medicines used to stop a second stroke from occurring include blood pressure, cholesterol and blood thinners. Medications can be expensive, or have side effects that lead to discontinuation of the drugs by patients. The study authors also suggest that some physicians might be stopping medications too soon, leading to higher risk of recurrent stroke. The study appeared in the August 9, 2010 edition of the medical journal "Archives of Neurology."
Atrial Fibrillation
Known or undiagnosed atrial fibrillation is a risk factor for stroke. The heart rhythm disturbance sets up an environment for the formation of blood clots that can travel to the brain. The American Heart Association warns that 15 percent of strokes happen as the result of the heart rhythm disturbance that causes the atria--upper chambers--of the heart to beat ineffectively and out of sync with the lower chambers or ventricles. Unawareness of atrial fibrillation can lead to recurrent stroke. Atrial fibrillation can occur intermittently and may not produce symptoms.
