Flu, or seasonal influenza, is a highly contagious respiratory illness caused by a viral infection. Most people will suffer from flu at some point in their lives and the vast majority recover completely within a few weeks. Certain people such as babies and young children, pregnant women and older people may be at risk of serious complications such as bacterial pneumonia if they contract flu. The symptoms of flu, which include fever, aches and pain and fatigue, can usually be managed at home with medication and rest.
OTC Remedies
Over-the-counter medicines are usually effective in relieving flu symptoms. Analgesics may be used to relieve aches and pains and lower a high temperature, while antihistamines can help stop a runny nose. Cough medicines may be also be helpful for dry coughs. Although these medicines do not require a prescription, it is advisable to speak to a pharmacist or physician before purchasing flu medication in order to get the most suitable treatment.
Prescription Medicines
High risk patients such as the frail and elderly may be prescribed an an antiviral medicine by their doctor. Antivirals cannot cure flu but they reduce the duration of illness and help relieve symptoms. Antivirals can also be used to prevent flu in people who have been exposed to the virus. Four antiviral drugs have been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of flu, according to FluFacts.com. These are oseltamivir, amantadine, zanamivir and rimantadine. Antivirals need to be used as soon as flu symptoms arise.
Self Help
According to the UK-based health service, NHS Choices, it is important that flu sufferers rest and drink plenty of fluid. Rest helps the body to recover more quickly while drinking plenty of water will help prevent dehydration. Other steps such as sleeping with the head on a high pillow to help to relieve congestion and using steam inhalations to aid in breaking up mucus in the nose and on the chest, will also provide some relief from the symptoms of flu.
