Hives are an allergic rash that develops as a result of a hypersensitivity of the immune system to an allergen, according to the American Academy of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology (AAAAI). Hives cause inflammation in the skin that results in itchy, raised bumps that can spread rapidly if irritated. Hives are usually the result of an allergic reaction to airborne allergens, food allergens or medicines. Hives should be evaluated by a medial professional for proper treatment.
Cause
The primary cause of an allergic rash is when mast cells release histamine, according to MedlinePlus. The immune system doesn't recognize a particular substance, such as pollen, as a safe substance, so it attempts to fight it off. The immune system releases antibodies that trigger mast cells to produce histamines. Histamine causes the skin to react and become inflamed. People who suffer from hay fever commonly experience allergic rashes.
Symptoms
Symptoms of hives are raised areas of the skin that are red or white in color, in various sizes. Extreme itching is associated with hives. Itching the affected areas can cause the allergic condition to spread and worsen. Hives appear to move from one place to another and can manifest in different shapes. Hives may burn or sting when irritated and can become infected if the skin is broken from excessive itching.
Triggers
The AAAAI states that food and medication allergies are common triggers for hives. Certain foods such as nuts, dairy products and eggs can cause an allergic reaction that result in hives. Any medication can cause hives if the user has an allergic reaction to the medication. Airborne allergens, such as pollen or mold can cause a hive outbreak, according to the Mayo Clinic.
Treatment
Avoiding allergens is considered the most affective treatment for allergic skin rashes, according to MedlinePlus. Identify allergens and avoid exposure. For example, if someone is allergic to dust mites, he should cover all bedding with dust mite protectors, remove carpet from the home and keep a clean house. Antihistamines are used to treat allergy symptoms, according to the Mayo Clinic. Antihistamines block mast cells from releasing histamine, reducing the chances of developing hives. Talk with a doctor before using any medication.
Consideration
According to the AAAAI, seeing an allergist will help determine the best treatment and approach to an allergic rash. Allergy shots are used to treat chronic allergy conditions such as hay fever. Allergy shots are administered over a few years and are intended to reduce the immune system's sensitivity to certain allergens. Allergy shots can cause a severe allergic reaction that could be life---threatening. Disclose all side effects to the doctor.
