Crystal methamphetamine, or crystal meth, is a pure form of methamphetamine that can be smoked, ingested or inhaled. This man-made stimulant impacts the central nervous system, causing physiological and psychological dependence. Short-term and long-term effects are harmful and relatively easy to recognize.
Behavioral Changes
Because crystal meth stimulates the brain to increase several neurotransmitters that affect the brain's "reward" system, the drug can elevate one's mood and induce euphoria. Once the effects have worn off--within six to 12 hours--the opposite begins to occur. Users can immediately become agitated, violent, aggressive and erratic. It is also possible to experience paranoia and anxiety, auditory and visual hallucinations, along with homicidal or suicidal thoughts.
Appetite Changes
Crystal meth mimics the body's natural "fight of flight" response. When this occurs, a user often does not recognize feelings of hunger. Not surprisingly, this unnatural appetite suppression leads to dramatic weight loss.
Sleep Disturbances
Crystal meth interferes with the brain's ability to recognize the need for sleep and provides users with prolonged periods of alertness. Insomnia is, therefore, a common short-term side effect. According to the Partnership for a Drug-Free America website, a common indicator that someone is using meth includes not sleeping for anywhere from two to three days.
Cardiovascular Concerns
Crystal meth use can produce dangerous cardiovascular effects, such as an accelerated heart rate and high blood pressure. Consequences of these short-term side effects are strong enough to cause chest pain and stroke as well as and irreversible damage to the kidneys and blood vessels in the brain.
Neurological Problems
Tremors and convulsions, along with hyperthermia, are some of the fatal neurological side effects caused by crystal meth use. Hyperthermia can cause a person's body temperature to rise as high as 108 degrees Fahrenheit.
Side Effects During Pregnancy
When used by pregnant women, the Partnership for a Drug-Free America notes that crystal meth can lead to premature birth. In addition, birth defects including heart malformation and cleft palate also are possible. Babies of crystal meth addicts can also be born addicted and will show immediate signs of tremors and excessive crying.
