In 2009, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or CDC, reported that 16.4 million non-institutionalized people in the United States have asthma. Attacks can be frightening, as the airways begin to close, and breathing is hampered. In some cases, vital organs do not receive proper oxygen, and attacks end in death. Knowing how to treat an asthma attack, however, can prevent most attacks from becoming severe.
Step 1
Recognize an attack so you can take action promptly. Warning signs include coughing, wheezing and shortness of breath. It is best to begin treatment early, before a full-blown attack occurs.
Step 2
Pay attention to peak flow readings. When lung function is low, as indicated by peak expiratory flow, or PEF, it may be time to increase medications to manage symptoms. Flow readings that range from 50 to 79 percent of a person's best are considered poor, according to MayoClinic.com.
Step 3
Use quick-acting medications, as prescribed by your doctor. If the recommended dosage is not helping, call your doctor rather than taking more than the prescribed amount.
Step 4
Look for signs of progress or worsening symptoms. Difficulty speaking, labored breathing and widening of the nostrils while breathing indicate the symptoms are not improving.
Step 5
Head to the nearest emergency room--by ambulance if necessary--if you feel anxious, tense or breathless while sitting still, as you are likely having a severe flare-up.
Tips and Warnings
- To tackle chronic complications, identify and avoid triggers, such as smoke, pet dander, harsh weather, dust, pollen, mold and physical exertion. It is also a good idea to talk to your doctor about creating an asthma action plan, which will help you manage asthma and prepare you for emergencies. See the Resources section below for more guidance.
- Severe warning signs include trouble walking, talking, or lips or fingernails turning blue.
Things You'll Need
- Asthma medications
- Peak flow meter
