Molluscum is a viral infection commonly seen in toddlers and young children. While it is mildly contagious and unsightly, there are no long-term side effects and the virus usually goes away on its own, according to Dr. Alan Greene at Parents.com. Molluscum infections peak in the toddler years and are more likely to occur in boys. Toddlers are particularly susceptible to molluscum, since it is spread by touch and they are more likely to have skin-to-skin contact with others.
Cause
The virus that causes molluscum is similar to chicken pox. It is spread by direct contact or by sharing towels or other items that an infected person has used. Children up to age 10 are most likely to become infected, because they are in contact with others who have molluscum and their immune systems are not fully developed, according Treat-Molluscum.com. Children, particularly toddlers, are also less likely to practice good hand washing hygiene, leading to higher rates of infection.
Appearance
While a health care professional can provide a definitive diagnosis, molluscum has a distinctive appearance. It looks like small white or pinkish pearls under the skin. In toddlers and children, molluscum usually first appears on the legs and arms---areas that are frequently exposed. The virus may also appear on the chest, stomach, back or face. It is spread by touching or scratching the bumps.
Treatment
Usually, molluscum will clear up on its own within six to 12 months, according to the Centers for Disease Control & Prevention. However, in some cases it further treatment is needed. Cryotherapy freezes the growth and is a common used wart removal method. Curettage drains the fluid from the bump. Both these options may result in scarring. A laser can also be used to remove the bump. Cimetidin, an oral medicine available by prescription for small children, has been used to treat molluscum. A prescription cream called imiquimod can also be used to strengthen the immunity of your child's skin. Over-the-counter remedies may also be used to remove mollluscum. These methods contain chemicals like salicylic acid, podophyllin, tretinoin and cantharidin. Your health care provider can advise you on the best method to use for your toddler.
Prevention/Solution
Hand washing one of the best ways to prevent the spread of molluscum, according to the Mayo Clinic. Always encourage your toddler to wash her hands to cultivate good hygiene. Do not let your child use clothing or other personal items, particularly towels, from others as this is one way the virus is spread. If your child has molluscum, keep the bumps covered to avoid spreading it further or infecting others. Covering them makes it harder for your toddler to touch the bumps and spread the virus.
Complications
Complications from molluscum are rare but occasionally occur. If the bumps are scratched, they may become infected. If molluscum appears on the eyelids, your toddler can develop conjunctivitis. If you notice the area around the bumps has become inflamed, this condition may be molluscum dermatitis. Contact your health care provider if your toddler develops these complications.
