Mold is natural to the environment and is present in many aspects of daily life. Molds derive from fungus and can be found in homes, buildings, on foods such as cheese or on any surface which is supportive of mold growth. While serious health conditions have not been positively linked to mold exposure, according the Center for Disease Control, some people may develop reactions to mold spores.
Allergic Reaction
Breathing in mold spores may cause the immune system to attack the spores, resulting in allergic reactions in some people. Mayo Clinic.com advises that allergy-type symptoms can result. A person with mold allergy may experience itchy, watery eyes, sneezing or coughing, irritation in the throat or skin rash. An allergic reaction may also trigger sinusitis, or inflammation of nasal and sinus tissues that may be accompanied by congestion.
Asthma
People with asthma may develop an increase in asthma symptoms with mold exposure. Wheezing, or a high-pitched, musical sound with breathing, may get worse along with tightness in the chest and difficulty breathing. A person with asthma may cough more with mold exposure in attempt to clear the lungs and take a better breath.
Lung Inflammation
Hypersensitivity pneumonitis, or inflammation of lung tissue, may occur after exposure to mold spores. A person with pneumonitis may develop a low-grade fever, cough and shortness of breath. An additional type of lung inflammation with bleeding, pulmonary hemorrhage has been loosely linked to mold exposure. The Centers for Disease Control states the relationship between mold exposure and bleeding of the lungs requires additional research.
Fungal Infection
The Environmental Protection Agency states that fungal infections of the lungs may occur. Inhaled mold spores may settle into the lungs and respiratory tract in susceptible people. Those with chronic lung disease, such as asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, or weakened immune systems from disease or medication use may be at increased risk for fungal infections.
Neurological Symptoms
The Cleveland Clinic states some individuals reported neurological changes after mold exposure; however, the link between the two requires additional research. Some people may experience insomnia or trouble sleeping after exposure to mold, as well as inattention and memory loss. The Cleveland Clinic recommends medical consultation if neurological or mental changes occur after known or suspected mold exposure.
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