Laryngopharyngeal reflux is the backflow of gastric juices from the stomach into the esophagus and the upper airway. A person experiencing laryngopharyngeal reflux may eventually have problems speaking, according to The Voice and Swallowing Institute. Often, a person is not aware that he has the condition because he experiences reflux so frequently that he thinks it is normal.
Mechanical Problem
Normal digestion begins with food traveling from the mouth to the stomach by way of the esophagus. MayoClinic.com explains how a valve, known as the lower esophageal sphincter, located at the bottom of the esophagus, normally relaxes while eating to allow food to enter the stomach, and then closes. However, if this valve becomes weak and does not close properly, stomach acid rises up the esophagus. As with the lower esophageal sphincter, if the upper esophageal sphincter doesn't function properly, laryngopharyngeal reflux occurs because acid from the esophagus enters into the throat and voice box.
Chronic Reflux
The human body uses caustic chemicals, including hydrochloric acid, to digest food, according to Clinton Community College, State University of New York. The stomach has a special lining that prevents the acids from burning it, but the esophagus is left virtually unprotected. Most people experience acid reflux on occasion and do not develop laryngopharyngeal reflux. Chronic reflux, however, can lead to erosion of parts of the esophagus. Especially severe and prolonged reflux may bring the corrosive gastric juices higher up the esophagus--all the way to the larynx--resulting in laryngopharyngeal reflux.
Diet
Diet is a contributory factor in causing larngopharygeal reflux, according to Emory Health Center. Some common foods that can exacerbate reflux symptoms include chocolate, citrus fruits, and tomato products like spaghetti sauce. Spicy, fatty or fried foods, and foods containing garlic and onions can also cause problems. Drinks containing caffeine or alcohol should be avoided by those who experience problems with reflux, as well.
Lifestyle
According to Emory Health Care, over-eating and tobacco abuse are also linked to laryngopharyngeal reflux. Washington Hospital Center goes on to say that pregnancy can also cause problems with reflux.
