Rotator cuff injuries involve the tendons around the shoulder joint. An accidental impact or repetitive stress may cause a tear to form in the tendon, resulting in pain, discomfort or a limited range of motion. In some cases, a torn rotator cuff may require surgery before it can heal properly. However, if the injury is minor, you may be able to care for it on your own.
Rest
In many cases, a torn rotator cuff will heal on its own without the need for surgical treatment. However, in order to ensure as smooth a healing process as possible, you will need to minimize the amount of activity you perform with the injured shoulder. Bed rest is an ideal solution, if possible, but placing your arm in a sling is a viable alternative if you are unable to remain stationary for an extended period of time.
Symptoms of pain should begin to diminish after two to three days; if they persist, this may indicate the tear is severe enough to require medical attention. Similarly, if you experience weakness, intense pain or an inability to move the injured shoulder or arm at any point, you should consult a doctor immediately.
Ice
Applying ice to the injured shoulder will help to reduce any bleeding or swelling and numb some of the pain. Do not place the ice directly against the injury, however, as this may damage the skin. Instead, wrap the ice in a washcloth to create an ice pack. You may wish to keep a dry towel handy to catch any excess moisture.
Use the ice pack for 20 minutes every two hours for the first two to three days, but don't overdo it. If you start to experience significant pain or discomfort, you can remove the pack before the 20 minutes are up.
Compression
Compressing the area around the rotator cuff will help to further reduce the swelling, as well as to help brace the shoulder, providing support. Sporting goods and medical supply stores sell special bandages for this purpose, which are generally made of an elastic fabric that you can wrap around the injured area. You may also wish to massage your shoulder muscles to help improve blood flow and alleviate discomfort.
Elevation
Whenever possible, keep the injured rotator cuff elevated above heart level. This is another means of reducing swelling, as gravity will keep the blood from pooling around the tear. One of the simplest ways to do this is to rest on one side of your body, with several pillows placed next to you to act as supports.
