Rectal bleeding is defined by MayoClinic.com as bleeding that occurs anywhere from the lower colon to the rectum. Blood from rectal bleeding can range in color from bright red to dark maroon, depending on where the bleeding occurs. There are a number of reasons why a male might experience rectal bleeding. Although most of these underlying causes are not serious, a doctor should be contacted if rectal bleeding occurs.
Hemorrhoids
Hemorrhoids are swollen veins that develop in the lower portion of the rectum or anus. The most common cause of hemorrhoids is continual straining during bowel movements, but other causes include sitting for extended periods of time and anal infections, according to MedlinePlus. Symptoms of hemorrhoids include rectal bleeding, anal itching, anal pain, pain during bowel movements and tender lumps near the anal opening. Hemorrhoids can be effectively treated with over-the-counter topical pain relievers and anti-inflammatory creams. Stool softeners may also help by decreasing the need to strain during bowel movements. In those with severe rectal bleeding, surgery may be needed to remove the hemorrhoids.
Anal Fissure
An anal fissure is a tear located in the lining of the anal canal. MayoClinic.com states that the most common causes of an anal fissure are passing large, hard stools, constipation and inflammatory bowel diseases. Symptoms of an anal fissure include rectal bleeding, pain during bowel movements and anal itching. Anal fissures usually go away on their own, but topical creams can be applied to reduce pain and inflammation. If an anal fissure won't heal, surgery may be needed to remove the area of the anus that contains the fissure and any surrounding scar tissue.
Colon Polyps
Colon polyps are growths of tissue that develop on the lining of the colon and extend into the opening of the bowel. The exact cause of colon polyps is unknown, but the risk of developing polyps increases with age, according to the Milton S. Hershey Medical Center. Colon polyps can cause rectal bleeding, anemia, painful rectal spasms, cramps, abdominal pain and intestinal obstruction. Although most colon polyps are benign, removal is recommended for all of them. Small, noncancerous polyps can be removed during a normal colonoscopy. Larger polyps may need to be removed through abdominal surgery. If polyps are cancerous, the portion of the large intestine that is affected will be removed. In more severe cases, removal of the entire colon may be needed.
